Active and Passive voice

Grammar: Active and Passive voice

                The formula of active voice is a common structure of a sentence; it should consist of subject, verb and object. If we want to change the structure into passive voice, we should change some of the elements in the sentence. The formula both of the voices are shown below:

Active voice

S + V + O + adjective/adverb

Examples of the sentences

1.       Agus gives Rany a present in her birthday.

2.       They punched the thief yesterday.

3.       You wrote application letter for our company.

4.       Andy kicks the ball.

Passive voice

S + to be + V_III + by + O + Adjective/adverb

Examples of the sentences   

1.       The ball is kicked by Andy.

2.       Rany is given a present in her birthday by Agus.

3.       The thief was punched by them yesterday.

4.       Application letter was written by me for your company.

In passive voice, there is also positive, negative and interrogative form of the sentence. The form is like the common formula. The example as follow:

Positive	Interrogative
1.       The boy is accompanied by his family.	1. Is the boy accompanied by his family?
2.        The tiger is killed by the hunter.	2. Is the tiger killed by the hunter?
3.       They are leaved by the teacher.	3. Are they leaved by the teacher?
4.       We are cheated by the officer.	4. Are the cheated by the officer?
5.       The garden is cleaned by Lisa.	5. Is the garden cleaned by Lisa?

Negative	Who – question
1.       The boy is not accompanied by his family.	1.Who is accompanied the boy?
2.        The tiger is not killed by the hunter.	2. Who is killed the tiger?
3.       They are not leaved by the teacher.	3. Who are leaved by the teacher?
4.       We are not cheated by the officer.	4. Who are the cheated to us?
5.       The garden is not cleaned by Lisa.	5. Who is cleaned the garden?

NOTE :

Tenses	Patterns
Simple present	Am / are / is + Past participle (VIII)
Present continuous	Am / are /  is being + Pas participle (VIII)
Simple past	Was / were + Past participle (VIII)
Past continuous	Was / were being + Past participle (VIII)
Present prefect	Have / has been + Past participle (VIII)
Past perfect	Had  been + Past participle (VIII)
Will future	Will be + Past participle (VIII)
Future perfect	Will have been + Past participle (VIII)
Going to future	Am / are / is going to be + Past participle (VIII)

Modal Auxiliaries in Passive Voice

                Modal auxiliaries consist of some modal such as: will, would, can, could, shall, should, thought to, must, may, and might. They are often used in the passive. The formula of this modal as follow:

Modal + be + past participle

Example of the sentence:

1.       She can be judged as the trouble maker.

2.       They should be transited in the guest room.

3.       We might be forgotten by them.

4.       The paper shall be leaved here by Andy.